SELECT 
  SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS products.product_id, 
  IF(
    shared_descr.product_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_descr.product, descr1.product
  ) as product, 
  popularity.total as popularity, 
  IF(
    products.age_verification = 'Y', 
    'Y', 
    IF(
      cscart_categories.age_verification = 'Y', 
      'Y', cscart_categories.parent_age_verification
    )
  ) as need_age_verification, 
  IF(
    products.age_limit > cscart_categories.age_limit, 
    IF(
      products.age_limit > cscart_categories.parent_age_limit, 
      products.age_limit, cscart_categories.parent_age_limit
    ), 
    IF(
      cscart_categories.age_limit > cscart_categories.parent_age_limit, 
      cscart_categories.age_limit, cscart_categories.parent_age_limit
    )
  ) as age_limit 
FROM 
  cscart_products as products 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_descriptions as descr1 ON descr1.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND descr1.lang_code = 'es' 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_prices as prices ON prices.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND prices.lower_limit = 1 
  INNER JOIN cscart_products_categories as products_categories ON products_categories.product_id = products.product_id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = products_categories.category_id 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_popularity as popularity ON popularity.product_id = products.product_id 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_ult_product_descriptions shared_descr ON shared_descr.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND shared_descr.company_id = 1 
  AND shared_descr.lang_code = 'es' 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND cscart_categories.company_id = 1 
  AND popularity.total >= 1 
  AND (
    products.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(0, products.usergroup_ids) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(1, products.usergroup_ids)
  ) 
  AND products.status IN ('A') 
  AND prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  products.product_id 
ORDER BY 
  popularity.total desc, 
  products.product_id ASC 
LIMIT 
  0, 12

Query time 0.09719

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "298.99"
    },
    "ordering_operation": {
      "using_filesort": true,
      "grouping_operation": {
        "using_temporary_table": true,
        "using_filesort": false,
        "nested_loop": [
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "cscart_categories",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "c_status",
                "p_category_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 115,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
              "filtered": "2.00",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "27.56",
                "eval_cost": "0.46",
                "prefix_cost": "28.02",
                "data_read_per_join": "6K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "category_id",
                "company_id",
                "usergroup_ids",
                "status",
                "age_verification",
                "age_limit",
                "parent_age_verification",
                "parent_age_limit"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "((`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`cscart_categories`.`company_id` = 1) and ((`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or find_in_set(0,`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`) or find_in_set(1,`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) and (`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "products_categories",
              "access_type": "ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "pt"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "category_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "eshopuga_upgr_4122.cscart_categories.category_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 40,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 92,
              "filtered": "100.00",
              "using_index": true,
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "4.54",
                "eval_cost": "18.40",
                "prefix_cost": "50.97",
                "data_read_per_join": "1K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "category_id"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "(`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`products_categories`.`product_id` is not null)"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "popularity",
              "access_type": "eq_ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "total"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "eshopuga_upgr_4122.products_categories.product_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 30,
              "filtered": "33.33",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "92.00",
                "eval_cost": "6.13",
                "prefix_cost": "161.37",
                "data_read_per_join": "981"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "total"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "(`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`popularity`.`total` >= 1)"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "products",
              "access_type": "eq_ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "status"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "eshopuga_upgr_4122.products_categories.product_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 28,
              "filtered": "91.44",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "30.66",
                "eval_cost": "5.61",
                "prefix_cost": "198.16",
                "data_read_per_join": "167K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "status",
                "usergroup_ids",
                "age_verification",
                "age_limit"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "(((`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`products`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or find_in_set(0,`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`products`.`usergroup_ids`) or find_in_set(1,`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`products`.`usergroup_ids`)) and (`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`products`.`status` = 'A'))"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "prices",
              "access_type": "ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "usergroup",
                "product_id",
                "lower_limit",
                "usergroup_id"
              ],
              "key": "usergroup",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "eshopuga_upgr_4122.products_categories.product_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 27,
              "filtered": "99.83",
              "using_index": true,
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "28.04",
                "eval_cost": "5.60",
                "prefix_cost": "231.81",
                "data_read_per_join": "671"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "lower_limit",
                "usergroup_id"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "((`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`prices`.`lower_limit` = 1) and (`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`prices`.`usergroup_id` in (0,0,1)))"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "shared_descr",
              "access_type": "eq_ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "product_id",
                "company_id"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id",
                "lang_code",
                "company_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "13",
              "ref": [
                "eshopuga_upgr_4122.products_categories.product_id",
                "const",
                "const"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 27,
              "filtered": "100.00",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "27.99",
                "eval_cost": "5.60",
                "prefix_cost": "265.40",
                "data_read_per_join": "106K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "lang_code",
                "company_id",
                "product"
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "descr1",
              "access_type": "eq_ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id",
                "lang_code"
              ],
              "key_length": "9",
              "ref": [
                "eshopuga_upgr_4122.products_categories.product_id",
                "const"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 27,
              "filtered": "100.00",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "27.99",
                "eval_cost": "5.60",
                "prefix_cost": "298.99",
                "data_read_per_join": "106K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "lang_code",
                "product"
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}