SELECT 
  cscart_languages.lang_code, 
  cscart_languages.name 
FROM 
  cscart_languages 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_storefronts_languages AS storefronts_languages ON storefronts_languages.language_id = cscart_languages.lang_id 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND cscart_languages.status = 'A' 
  AND (
    storefronts_languages.storefront_id = 1 
    OR storefronts_languages.storefront_id IS NULL
  )

Query time 0.00064

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "3.86"
    },
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "storefronts_languages",
          "access_type": "system",
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 0,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
          "filtered": "0.00",
          "const_row_not_found": true,
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "0.00",
            "eval_cost": "0.20",
            "prefix_cost": "0.00",
            "data_read_per_join": "16"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "storefront_id",
            "language_id"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_languages",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 9,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
          "filtered": "11.11",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "3.66",
            "eval_cost": "0.20",
            "prefix_cost": "3.86",
            "data_read_per_join": "216"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "lang_id",
            "lang_code",
            "name",
            "status"
          ],
          "attached_condition": "(`eshopuga_upgr_4122`.`cscart_languages`.`status` = 'A')"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}